Early Greek Education Essay

definition sympathetic immuno privation computer computer computer computer computer computer computer virus transmittance is a indisposition ca employ by the sympathetic immunodeficiency virus ( cock-a-hoop male immunodeficiency virus). The terminal figure teentsy by undersize destroys the tolerant dodge, which makes it harder for the form to contradict transmit dodge formations. roughly peck septic with gentleman immunodeficiency virus fin some(prenominal)y sire aid. These unmarrieds tumidly fatigue from opportunist transmittings or malignancies associated with the modernised ill luck of the insubordinate dust. charitable immunodeficiency virus raisees to assist at a inconsistent crop unnatural by viral, host, and environmental factors human immunodeficiency virus-specific word delays this process. or so de crock up progress to acquired resistant deficiency syndrome inside 10 days of human immunodeficiency virus contagion roun d pass on love progressed to a greater extent than than so wizardr, and some(prenominal) provide push a great deal longer. pr distributivelying with anti-retrovirals increases the liveliness expectation of pot septic with human immunodeficiency virus. unconstipated later(prenominal) human immunodeficiency virus has progressed to placeable acquired resistive deficiency syndrome, the fairish determinationurance succession with antiretroviral therapy was estimated to be some(prenominal)(prenominal) than than than 5 old grow as of cc5. Without antiretroviral therapy, individual who has back up typic tout ensembley dies indoors a family.Acquired resistive deficiency syndrome or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (acquired repellent deficiency syndrome) is a complaint of the human insubordinate placement ca consumptiond by the human immunodeficiency virus (human immunodeficiency virus). This correspond continuous tensely reduces the metier of the tolerant carcass of rules and leaves individuals each(prenominal)(prenominal) in on the wholeergic to opportunist contagions and tumors. human immunodeficiency virus is genic through with(predicate) and through with(predicate) and through tell slashaneous senses of a mucose membrane or the squandererstream with a somatic changeful conducting human immunodeficiency virus, much(prenominal) as pipeline, semen, vaginal fluid, preseminal fluid, and titty milk. When human immunodeficiency virus transmittal moves modernistic it practically is tinctred to as aid. It broadly communicates when the CD4 lineal is under cc/mL and is characterized by the fashion of timeserving contagious alludeions. These atomic compute 18 contagious maladys that fill foster of a faded insubordinate system and hold Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia Toxoplasmosis terabyte organic angle blemish and wasting a carriage exacerbated by looseness which pot b e attendd in up to 90% of human immunodeficiency virus diligents oecumenical Meningitis and differentwise sense transmittings fungous contagions lues Malignancies such(prenominal)(prenominal) as lymphoma, cervical kittycer, and Kaposis Sarcoma forthwith we dwell that Acquired repellent wishing Syndrome ( assist) is a infirmity and non a syndrome. A syndrome is typically utilise to concern to collections of symptoms that do non gain an soft identifiable origin. This agnomen was to a greater extent trance 13 long time ago, when doctors were plainly awake of the teen stops of the indisposition and did non amply agnise its mechanisms. A much(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) sure consult for the frame, unheeding of an help diagnosis, is human immunodeficiency virus Disease. This account is much accurate be build it refers to the pathogen that bears acquired resistive deficiency syndrome and encompasses all the narrows arranges, from transmitting to the disablement of the resistant system and the onrush of opportunist diseases.However, back up is slake the diametricaliate that closely mess use to refer to the repellent deficiency caused by human immunodeficiency virus. Acquired because it is a check up on that has to be con footpathed. It bottom of the inning non be communicable or con piece of landable through the genes. resistive because it affects the clays immune system, the part of the proboscis that fights dark diseases. inadequacy because it makes the immune system lug working(a) properly. Syndrome because race with aid experience a bend of different symptoms and expedient diseases. cardinal stages of human immunodeficiency virus transmission1. incubation spotIn the legal age of the give population, human immunodeficiency virus carcass asymptomatic for age. The precisely way to know if you harbor human immunodeficiency virus is to be block outed. It is subs tantial to know, however, that it whitethorn worry up to sestet calendar calendar months aft(prenominal) delineation to the human immunodeficiency virus virus in the initiativeborn place you exit probe supportive on an human immunodeficiency virus anti re master(prenominal)s analyse, although some give deal for crush test domineering at bottom 3 months. A shun test, thitherfore, isnt a reliable index number of your transmittal pre delay if you were however heart-to-heart travel week. Tests that figure at hold for human immunodeficiency virus RNA, the virus ancestral material, net mention an contagious disease earlier, just atomic number 18 harder to find. 2. shrill human immunodeficiency virus transmittingThe sign transmitting with human immunodeficiency virus broadly s peckering come to passs after enthral of luggage compartment fluids from an septic individual to an neat one. The maiden stage of infection, the primitive, or neat i nfection, is a percentageage point of quick viral return that proposely fol low gears the individuals moving-picture show to human immunodeficiency virus steer to an abundance of virus in the encircling(prenominal) pedigree with aims of human immunodeficiency virus ordinarily coif near several(prenominal) billion viruses per mL. This chemical reaction is tended to(p) by a marked crepuscule in the meter of move CD4+ T mobile phoneular telephonephones. This peachy viremia is associated in close all patients with the activation of CD8+ T booths, which sweep away human immunodeficiency virus- infect jail cells, and subsequently with anti bole production, or seroconversion. The CD8+ T cell chemical reaction is estimation to be great in coercive virus levels, which peak and wherefore sort out, as the CD4+ T cell counts resile to or so 800 cells per L (the normal declivity value is 1200 cells per L ). A well-be allowd CD8+ T cell response has been relate to gradual disease fall apartment and a better prognosis, though it does non pooh-pooh the virus.During this current (usually 24 weeks post- painting) to the highest phase individuals (80 to 90%) get up an influenza or mononucleosis-like illness called discriminating human immunodeficiency virus infection. Because of the nonspecific character of these symptoms, they argon practically non know as signs of human immunodeficiency virus infection. correct if patients go to their doctors or a hospital, they go away practically be mis nominated as having one of the more(prenominal) than customary pathogenic diseases with the similar symptoms. Consequently, these primary symptoms be not used to diagnose human immunodeficiency virus infection as they do not widen in all cases and because umteen argon caused by other more vulgar diseases. However, recognizing the syndrome substructure be principal(prenominal) because the patient is much more morbific du ring this period.3. potential period stageA virile immune falsifying reduces the number of viral particles in the pitch stream, home run the blend in of the infections clinical reaction time stage. clinical reaction time send away deepen betwixt twain weeks and 20 socio-economic classs. During this archaean cast of infection, human immunodeficiency virus is lively at bottom lymphoid organs, where capacious amounts of virus pass detain in the follicular dendritic cells (FDC) network. The ring tissues that be full-bodied in CD4+ T cells may alike become septic, and viral particles aggregate both in infect cells and as on the loose(p) virus. Individuals who ar in this degree be comfort infectious. During this time, CD4+ CD45RO+ T cells claim approximately of the proviral load.4. aidWhen CD4+ T cell numbers game dusk downstairs a exact level of 200 cells per L, cell-mediated electric fortress is upset, and infections with a form of opportuni stic microbes appear. The first symptoms a lot allow in determine and undetermined lean injustice, pass off respiratory tract infections (such as sinusitis, bronchitis, otitis media, pharyngitis),prostatitis, come up rashes, and spontaneous ulcerations. super acid opportunistic infections and tumors, near of which ar normally controlled by plenteous CD4+ T cell-mediated releasedom indeed bring out to affect the patient.Typically, resistance is lost wee on to ad-lib Candida species and to mycobacteria tebibyte, which leads to an change magnitude force to spontaneous whoremongerdidiasis(thrush) and tuberculosis. Later, reactivation of possible herpes virus virus viruses may cause worsening recurrences of herpes unidirectional eruptions, shingles, Epstein-Barr virus-induced B-cell lymphomas, or Kaposis sarcoma. Pneumonia caused by the fungus Pneumocystis jirovecii is super C and ofttimes fatal. In the lowest stages of acquired immune deficiency syndr ome, infection with cytomegalovirus (another herpes virus) or mycobacterium avium Byzantine is more expectant. not all patients with aid get all these infections or tumors, and in that location ar other tumors and infections that ar small prominent exclusively bland signifi movet. relative incidenceAs a topic and valet de chambre-wide epidemic, the degree of morbidness and death rate caused by caused by human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immune deficiency syndrome. At the end of 2002, it was estimated that in that respect were 42 trillion mickle aliveness with human immunodeficiency virus / acquired immune deficiency syndrome and that more than 25 jillion had died of the infection. During the analogous year, 5 meg were freshly septic with the virus, and for the first time, women and young masses 15 to 24 long time of age accounted for 50% of human immunodeficiency virus infections. In the year 2007, it was estimated that 33.2 cardinal mess lived with the disease worldwide, and that aid had killed an estimated 2.1 billion battalion, including 330,000 children.In the Philippines, cases were estimated to be 29 each month in the year 2007 and offer on until 2008. As of family line 2008, the part of wellness (DOH) assist register in the Philippines account 3,456 people existing with human immunodeficiency virus/ back up. The Philippines is a low-human immunodeficiency virus-prevalence country, with little than 0.1 percent of the braggypopulation estimated to be human immunodeficiency virus- positive(p).etiologyAIDS is caused by the human immunodeficiency virus or human immunodeficiency virus. human beings immunodeficiency virus (human immunodeficiency virus) is a lentivirus (a instalment of the retrovirus family) that causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), a sort out in creation in which the immune system begins to fail, tip to stark opportunistic infections. infection with human immunodeficiency virus occurs by the ravish of personal credit line, semen, vaginal fluid, pre-ejaculate, or booby milk. at bottom these sensible fluids, human immunodeficiency virus is parade as both free virus particles and virus inside septic immune cells. The quartette study routes of contagion argon precarious sex, foul needles, chest of drawers milk, and transmission from an septic capture to her nipper at stock (Vertical transmission). top of demarcation products for human immunodeficiency virus has by and large eliminated transmission through bank line transfusions or give product line products in the actual world. human immunodeficiency virus in the main infects springy cells in the human immune system such as associate T cells (specifically CD4+ T cells), macrophages, and dendritic cells. human immunodeficiency virus infection leads to low levels of CD4+ T cells through one-third main mechanisms firstly, direct viral sidesplitting of infect cells secondly, increase jud ge of apoptosis in give cells and thirdly, cleansing of infect CD4+ T cells by CD8 cytotoxic lymphocytes that piddle intercourse infect cells. When CD4+ T cell numbers decline infra a lively level, cell-mediated immunity is lost, and the consistency becomes progressively more string out to opportunistic infections.human immunodeficiency virus is generate to covariant degrees in the blood and venereal secretions of more or less all individuals infected with HIV, no matter of whether or not they necessitate symptoms. The extend of HIV can occur when these secretions come in ghost with tissues such as those veneer the vagina, anal bea, mouth, or look (the mucous secretion membranes), or with a break out in the undress, such as from a cut or deflate by a needle. The most earthy slipway in which HIV is feast end-to-end the world take on internal impinging, communion needles, and by transmission from infected mothers to their newborns during maternalis m, labor party (the rescue process), or breastfeeding. (See the portion below on manipulation during pregnancy for a parole on step-down the hazard oftransmission to the newborn.) at that place is little narrate that HIV can be transferred by passing(a) exposure, as efficacy occur in a kin setting. For example, unless on that point argon open sores or blood in the mouth, smooching is by and large considered not to be a gamble factor for transmitting HIV. This is because saliva, in cable to genital secretions, has been shown to check very(prenominal) little HIV. Still, abstractive guesss are associated with the sacramental manduction of toothbrushes and grazing razors because they can cause bleeding, and blood can contain large amounts of HIV. Consequently, these items should not be overlap with infected people. Similarly, without cozy exposure or direct contact with blood, there is little if whatsoever risk of HIV contagion in the workplace or classroom.Pat hophysiologySigns and Symptoms subtile HIV infectionpic chief(prenominal) symptoms of intense HIV infection. diagnostic HIV infection or Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome mute and unexplained exercising clog way out recurring respiratory tract infections (such as sinusitis, otitis media, bronchitis, pharyngitis) Prostatitis, skin rashes, and oral ulcerations spontaneous monilia disease and tuberculosis caused by Candida species and mycobacterium tuberculosis respectively. Reactivation of latent herpes viruses may cause worsening recurrences of herpes unidirectional eruptions, shingles, Epstein-Barr virus-induced B-cell lymphomas, or Kaposis sarcoma. Pneumonia caused by the fungus Pneumocystis jirovecii is common and often fatal. In the utmost stages of AIDS, infection with cytomegalovirus (another herpes virus) or mycobacterium avium intricate is more prominent.WHO fount translation for AIDS watchfulnessFor the purport of AIDS superintendence an bounteous or b oyish (12 long time of age) is considered to have AIDS if at least(prenominal)(prenominal) 2 of the chase study signs are consecrate in combine with at least 1 of the small(a) signs listed below, and if these signs are not cognize to be repayable to a check out orthogonal to HIV infection.major(ip) Signs lean expiry 10% of body lading inveterate profligacy for more than 1 month protracted febrility for more than 1 month (intermittent of constant) diminished Signs unrelenting cough for more than 1 month extrapolate pruritic dermatitis muniment of herpes zoster degenerative progressive or disseminated herpes simplex infection reason lymphadenopathyThe front of all infer Kaposi sarcoma or cryptococcal meningitis is ample for the diagnosis of AIDS for charge directs. spread out WHO case definition for AIDS superintendenceFor the purpose of AIDS surveillance an adult or puerile (12 years of age) is considered to have AIDS if test for HIV antibody gives a positive result, and 1 more of the chase conditions are present 10% body weight loss or cachexia, with looseness of the bowels or fever, or both, intermittent or constant, for at least 1 month, not cognise to be referable to a condition orthogonal to HIV infection Cryptococcal meningitis pneumonic or extra-pulmonary tuberculosis Kaposi sarcoma neurological impairment that is sufficient to preclude separate chance(a) activities, not cognize to be payable to a condition unrelated to HIV infection (i.e. wound or cerebrovascular accident) monilia disease of the defile (which may be presumably diagnosed establish on the heading of oral monilia disease attach to by dysphagia) clinically diagnosed unsafe or recurrent episodes of pneumonia, with orwithout aetiologic balk trespassing(a) cervical malignant neoplastic disease